Abstract:

Interactions between different kinds of waves can yield images that beat the single-wave diffraction limit. Multiwave Imaging consists of combining two different waves-- one to provide contrast, another to provide spatial resolution - in order to build a new kind of image. Contrary to single-wave imaging that is always limited by the contrast and resolution properties of the wave that generated it, multiwave imaging provides a unique image of the most interesting contrast with the most interesting resolution. Multiwave imaging opens new avenues in medical imaging and a large interest for this approach is now emerging in geophysics and non-destructive testing. We will describe the different potential interactions between waves that can give rise to multiwave imaging and we will emphasize the various multiwave approaches developed in the domain of medical imaging. Common to all these approaches, ultrasonic waves are almost always used as one of the wave to provide spatial resolution, while optical, electromagnetic or sonic shear waves provide the contrast. Among various multiwave techniques, we will mainly focus on photo-acoustic and shear wave imaging. Through various medical applications going from cancer diagnosis to cardiovascular imaging, we will emphasize the recent clinical successes of multiwave imaging.

Mathias Fink received the M.S. degree in Mathematics from Paris University, France, in 1967, and the Ph.D. degree in Solid State Physics in 1970. Then he moved to ultrasonic medical imaging and received the Doctorat es-Sciences degree in 1978 from Paris University in Acoustics. He is now a Professor of Physics at the Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI) and at Paris Diderot University. In 1990 he founded the Laboratory Ondes et Acoustique at ESPCI that became in January 2009 the Langevin Institute. Mathias Fink is now the director of this Institute. In 2002, he was elected at the French Academy of Engineering, in 2003 at the French Academy of Science and in 2008 at the College de France on the Chair of Technological Innovation. His current research interests include medical ultrasonic imaging, ultrasonic therapy, nondestructive testing, underwater acoustics, telecommunications, seismology, active control of sound and vibration, analogies between optics, quantum mechanics and acoustics, wave coherence in multiply scattering media, and time-reversal in physics. He has developed different techniques in acoustic imaging (transient elastography, supersonic shear imaging), wave focusing in inhomogeneous media (time-reversal mirrors), speckle reduction, and in ultrasonic laser generation. He holds more than 50 patents, and he has published more than 300 articles. 4 start-up companies have been created from his research (Echosens, Sensitive Object, Supersonic Imagine and Time Reversal Communications)

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