EMCABS: 01-11-2011
INFLUENCE OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE SHORTENING OF CABLES ON EMI MEASUREMENT
Mikulas Bittera, Viktor Smiesko
Slovak University of Technology, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Bratislava, Slovakia
Proceedings of XXI International Conference on Electromagnetic Disturbances, Bialystok, Poland, September 28–30, 2011, pp. 29–32.
Abstract: Effect of non-destructive shortening of long cables of devices using low-inductive bundles on EMI measurement results is examined in this paper. Two-wire models for simulation and measurement were created and their behavior in term of EMI was compared. Based on obtained results, the radiation of three main types of cables was examined using numerical simulation. Given results are described in this paper.
Index terms: EMI measurement, two-wire cable, low-inductive bundle, non-destructive shortening.
EMCABS: 02-11-2011
RELATION BETWEEN RECEIVING ANTENNA CHARACTERISTICS AND MEASURING DISTANCE AND ITS EFFECT ON EMI MEASUREMENT
Mikulas Bittera, Viktor Smiesko
Slovak University of Technology, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Bratislava, Slovakia
Proceedings of XXI International Conference on Electromagnetic Disturbances, Bialystok, Poland, September 28–30, 2011, pp. 33–37.
Abstract: Influence of measuring distance on directivity error of commonly used broadband antennas is examined in this paper. Since broadband antennas do not have the same radiation pattern as dipole antenna, incidence disturbance may be measured with an error. Angle of incidence varies with the antenna height and also with measuring distance. Models of the broadband antennas for numerical simulations were created and verified. Using these models we obtained the relation between the receiving antenna directivity and measuring distance that leads into the directivity error and also affects uncertainty of the measurement.
Index terms: EMI measurement, broadband antenna, directivity, measuring distance.
EMCABS: 03-11-2011
VALIDITY OF LONG WIRE ARRANGEMENT OF EMC IMMUNITY TEST
Jozef Hallon, Mikulas Bittera, Karol Kovac, Rene Hartansky, Viktor Smiesko
Slovak University of Technology, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Bratislava, Slovakia
Proceedings of XXI International Conference on Electromagnetic Disturbances, Bialystok, Poland, September 28–30, 2011, pp. 83–85.
Abstract: This paper deals with analysis of influence of geometrical arrangement of long cables on the validity of immunity test against disturbing RF electromagnetic fields according to standard EN 61000-4-3. The goal of this work is to find the suitable configuration of long cablings which ensures similar results in immunity tests such as the basic standardized configuration. The results presented in this paper were obtained using numerical simulations as well as measurements of wire models situated in electromagnetic field.
Index terms: Electromagnetic compatibility, immunity testing, transmission lines, influence of electromagnetic field, numerical electromagnetic simulation.
EMCABS: 04-11-2011
ON A SHIELDING EFFECT OF MAGNETIC-COUPLED RESONANT WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER
+ Hiroshi Hirayama, ++ Syun Asakura, + Nobuyoshi Kikuma and + Kunio Sakakibara
+ Nagoya Institute of Technology, ++ Nagoya University, Japan
Proceedings of XXI International Conference on Electromagnetic Disturbances, Bialystok, Poland, September 28–30, 2011, pp. 90–93.
Abstract: A shielding effect of magnetic-coupled resonant wireless power transfer (WPT) is examined. At first, the self-resonant type WPT system is analyzed by method of moment (MoM) calculation. This system has helical structure for resonance, whose resonant frequency is determined by its self-inductance and stray capacity. When the shield is set at the top and the bottom of the WPT system, far-field radiation not only for upward and downward direction, but also horizontal direction is decreased. The helical resonator is decomposed into a small loop and small dipole. Since the image current due to the shield has opposite polarity for small loop, far-field radiation for horizontal direction was decreased. Next, external resonant type WPT system is discussed. This model consists of loop structure and discrete capacitor. It is shown that far-field emission of this type is smaller than self-resonant type because the electric field is concentrated between the plates of the capacitor.
Index terms: Wireless power transfer, magnetic coupled resonant, shield.
EMCABS: 05-11-2011
ELECTROMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES SUPPRESSION IN MICROPROCESSOR SYSTEMS
Andrzej Holiczer
Bialystok University of Technology, Poland
Proceedings of XXI International Conference on Electromagnetic Disturbances, Bialystok, Poland, September 28–30, 2011, pp. 94–95.
Abstract: The paper deals with noise suppression methods in microprocessor systems. Two methods are presented: hardware (LC decoupling) and software (microcontroller digital clock sources management). Advantages and disadvantages of each method are presented. The tests are conducted on a real, battery operated mobile device with an AVR microcontroller onboard. Better noise suppression efficiency for proposed methods is proven. The presented data is based upon the author’s experience over a few years designing and programming measurement, microprocessor based systems.
Index terms: Digital noise, ripple, noise suppression, decoupling, internal ADC, microcontroller.
EMCABS: 06-11-2011
MEASUREMENT OF RADIATED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD INTENSITY DUE TO LOW VOLTAGE ESD IN SPHERICAL ELECTRODE
+ Ken Kawamata, ++ Shigeki Minegishi, +++ Osamu Fujiwara
+ Hachinohe Institute of Technology, ++ Tohoku Gakuin University, +++ Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan
Proceedings of XXI International Conference on Electromagnetic Disturbances, Bialystok, Poland, September 28–30, 2011, pp. 127–130.
Abstract: The micro-gap discharge as the low voltage ESD shows very fast transition duration of about 32 ps or less. Furthermore, the breakdown field strength in the gap was very high of about 80 MV/m in low voltage discharging of below 400. The relationship between the breakdown field strength in the gap and radiated electromagnetic field intensity was examined in experimental study. The relative radiated electromagnetic field intensity was proportional to the breakdown field strength at the gap in the resonance experimental system using the discharge electrode with dipole configuration. In this paper, we present an improved experimental system to measure the radiated electromagnetic field intensity in a more wideband region using spherical electrodes and a horn antenna. As a result, the radiated electromagnetic field intensity is proportion to the charged voltage from 300V to 620V, and the amplitude of electromagnetic field intensity was according to the ratio of surface area using the spherical electrode.
Index terms: ESD, micro gap discharge, low voltage discharge, electromagnetic noise, radiation, spherical electrode.
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EMCABS: 07-11-2011
INFLUENCE OF LIGHTNING OVERVOLTAGE SHAPE ON SPD CHARACTERISTICS FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND SIGNALLING NETWORKS
+ Tomasz Kisilewicz, + Fabio Fiamingo, + Carlo Mazzfetti, ++ Bolesław Kuca, ++ Dominik Krasowsk
+ University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Via Eudossiana 18, 00-184 Roma, Italy
++ Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
Proceedings of XXI International Conference on Electromagnetic Disturbances, Bialystok, Poland, September 28–30, 2011, pp. 136–140.
Abstract: A lightning strike consists of one or more different strokes with positive or negative polarity. The influence of lightning current in each case results in overvoltages, which may be particularly dangerous for the apparatus of telecom and signaling networks within modern structures. To reduce the probability of electrical equipment damage and potential consequential loss, the surge protective devices (SPD) can be used as a protection measure. The paper deals with influence of lightning overvoltage shape on SPD characteristics for telecommunication and signaling networks. For this goal, several laboratory tests were performed in order to ascertain this influence. The laboratory setup was formed by an impulse voltage generator with peak value of 450V whose electrical parameters were selected in order to obtain different voltage shapes: 1,2/50ms, 12/50ms, 0,25/50ms, 12/500ms, 8/20ms; typical low voltage limiting SPDs with different protection levels: UP = 40V, 80V, 100V; telecommunication wires of different length, ranging from 5 to 30 m, connecting SPD to equipment characterized with a high value of input resistance. The voltage was measured at SPD and equipment terminals and the influence of front steepness of incoming overvoltage and of telecom wire lengths was recorded and analyzed. The results could be useful to obtain (or verify) reliable mathematical models of SPD.
Index terms: Lightning protection, surge protective device, SPD protection level.
EMCABS: 08-11-2011
ELECTRICAL VEHICLE IMPACT ON DISTRIBUTION NETWORK POWER QUALITY
Sampsa Kupari
Metropolia, Helsinki University of Applied Sciences, Finland
Proceedings of XXI International Conference on Electromagnetic Disturbances, Bialystok, Poland, September 28–30, 2011, pp. 149–151.
Abstract: The amount of electrical vehicles will increase a great degree in the future. The only question is when. That is dependant mainly on battery technology and when batteries with high energy capacity and moderate price will be introduced. These cars together form a huge load (and occasionally a generator as well) that is not resistive but possibly of nonlinear character. This may have an effect on distribution network power quality and possibly disturb seriously other consumers. If this is not taken care of before expansion of the electric vehicles boom, serious damage may occur.
Index terms: Power quality, THD, rectifier, harmonic.
EMCABS: 09-11-2011
DANGER OF FLASHOVERS TO ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT LOCATED ON ROOFS OF BUILDINGS STRUCK BY LIGHTNING
Renata Markowska
Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Poland
Proceedings of XXI International Conference on Electromagnetic Disturbances, Bialystok, Poland, September 28–30, 2011, pp. 176–180.
Abstract: This paper presents theoretical analyses connected with danger of flashovers to electric equipment located on roofs of buildings struck by lightning. The possibilities of emergence of such flashovers as well as application of different methods for estimation of separation distances for protection of the equipment are analyzed and compared. Large, however not very high, few-story buildings with electrical equipment located on their roofs and with different external LPS (Lightning Protection Systems) are taken into consideration. The analyses are based on the results of numerical calculations, confronted with the results of approximate procedures proposed in the European and international standards for lightning protection EN 62305-3:2011 (IEC 62305-3:2010). The numerical calculations have been performed using the standardized short-duration lightning current waveforms of 10/350 and 0.25/100, which represent the first and subsequent return strokes respectively. In the calculations concerning the first lightning stroke, an exact numerical method based on electromagnetic field theory has been used. The numerical calculations for the subsequent stroke, due to large computation time, have been performed only approximately based on the calculation results for the first stroke.
Index terms: Flashovers, lightning strike to a building, numerical calculation, separation distance.
EMCABS: 10-11-2011
ON THE LIGHTNING HAZARD AND ITS REDUCTION MEASURES IN NUCLEAR PLANTS
+ Carlo Mazzetti, + Tomasz Kisielewicz, + Fabio Fiamingo, ++ Boleslaw Kuca, ++ Zdobyslaw Flisowski
+ University of Roma “La Sapienza”, Via Eudossiana 18, 00-184 Roma, Italy;
++ Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
Proceedings of XXI International Conference on Electromagnetic Disturbances, Bialystok, Poland, September 28–30, 2011, pp. 183–188.
Abstract: A nuclear power plant (NPP) contains structures, systems, and components that are sensitive to lightning influences. Dangerous effects of such influences can include reactor trips, actuation of safety systems, loss of fire protection and so on. With an increasing involvement of electronic and digital devices into safety systems, lightning protection becomes more important to the plant operations. A damage type within a plant depends both on lightning activity at different locations and on features of involved systems. Due to expected serious consequences of lightning damages to NPPs there is no doubt that they should be protected. The problem consists in selection and application of adequate protection measures. This problem should be solved in terms of the risk and its monitoring procedures, which are based on the equilibrium between the efficiency of the selected protection measure and the resulting level of risk decrease in respect to its tolerable level. The paper deals with such approaches to the risk assessment in a NPP.
Index terms: Lightning protection, risk management, lightning risk, nuclear power plant.
EMCABS: 11-11-2011
CALCULATIONS AND MEASUREMENTS OF SHIELDING EFFECTIVENESS OF SLOTTED ENCLOSURE WITH BUILT-IN CONDUCTIVE STIRRER
Andrzej Rusiecki
Bialystok University of Technology, Poland
Proceedings of XXI International Conference on Electromagnetic Disturbances, Bialystok, Poland, September 28–30, 2011, pp. 231–234.
Abstract: Numerical analysis of shielding effectiveness (SE) of a slotted enclosure with a built-in conductive stirrer has been presented. SE was calculated using two different methods: the Finite Element Method (FEM) and the Method of Moments (MoM). Results of calculations using two different electromagnetic simulators, COMSOL and FEKO, have been compared and experimentally validated using a GTEM cell test setup.
Index terms: GTEM cell, shielding effectiveness, slotted enclosure, stirrer.
EMCABS: 12-11-2011
MODELLING OF ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE PROPAGATION OVER THE BUILDING GROUNDING SYSTEM
+, ++ Nerijus Bagdanavicius, + Anatolijus Drabattiukas, ++ Vitalijus Gvozas, + Sarunas Kilius, ++ Alius Noreika
+ Kaunas Technical College, Lithuania
++ Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania
Proceedings of XXI International Conference on Electromagnetic Disturbances, Bialystok, Poland, September 28–30, 2011, pp.274–278.
Abstract: In various objects before installing the computerized systems of control, alarm and security, automation and similar, it is necessary to determine the specifics of the electromagnetic environment in the area of installation during the lightning impact in order to ensure the reliability of such equipment. The analysis of electromagnetic environment, which also spans the injection of electric potentials over the object grounding system, is accomplished by the way of simulation measurements using weak current generators. Later, such analysis is also verified by respective computations. In this paper, the peculiarities of the grounding system modeling under the impact of lightning discharge and distribution of potentials in the grounding system in respect of its configuration and type are analyzed.
Index terms: Grounding system, potential distribution, pulse registering device. EMC |
