Steering is accomplished with a linear phase progression across the array.

?RN

plane wave front

from direction q

y(t) = Aejwt wHs(q)

x0(t)

w0*

x1(t)

w1*

xN-1(t)

wN-1*

array pattern of w(qs)

pole-zero plot of w(qs)

Gain and sidelobes are the same as the unsteered pattern.