EMCABS

Following are abstracts of papers from previous EMC symposia, related conferences, meetings and publications.

EMCABS COMMITTEE
Bob Hunter, Consultant
r.d.hunter@ieee.org
Sha Fei, EMC Research Section, Northern Jiatong
University, Beijing, China
emclab@center.njtu.edu.cn
Ferdy Mayer, L.E.A.D., Maisons, Alfort France
FerdyMayerLEADFrance@compuserve.com
Maria Sabrina Sarto, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Rome, Italy
sarto@elettrica.ing.uniroma1.it

“How Can I Get a Copy of an Abstracted Article?”
Engineering college/university libraries, public libraries, company or corporate libraries, National Technical Information Services (NTIS), or the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) are all possible sources for copies of abstracted articles or papers. If the library you visit does not own the source document, the librarian can probably request the material or a copy from another library through interlibrary loan, or for a small fee, you can order it from NTIS or DTIC. Recently it became clear that EMCABs were more timely than publications which were being listed in data files. Therefore, additional information will be included, when available, to assist in obtaining desired articles or papers. Examples are: IEEE, SAE, ISBN, and Library of Congress identification numbers.

As the EMC Society becomes more international, we will be adding additional worldwide abstractors who will be reviewing articles and papers in many languages. We will continue to set up these informal cooperation networks to assist members in getting the information or contacting the author(s). We are particularly interested in symposium proceedings which have not been available for review in the past. Thank you for any assistance you can give to expand the EMCS knowledge base. EMC

EMCABS: 01-11-2003
ESSENTIAL COUPLING PATH MODELS FOR NON-CONTACT EMI IN SWITCHING POWER CONVERTERS USING LUMPED CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
N. K. Poom +, Bryan M. H. Pong +, C. P. Liu +, and Chi K. Tse ++
+ Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
E-Mail: nkpoon@eee.hku.hk; mhp@eee.hku.hk; cpliu@eee.hku.hk
++Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
E-mail: encktse@polyu.edu.hk
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 18, No. 2, March 2003, pp. 686-695.

Abstract: Some of the conducted noise from Switch Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) is capacitively or inductively coupled to the Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN) rather than being introduced by contact. A linear model is assumed to permit the superposition of the coupled noises through the six essential coupling paths via lumped circuit impedances that can be calculated or measured. This approach focuses engineering attention on some non-contact coupling paths that might otherwise be ignored and is generally valid for frequencies up to 30 MHz.
Index terms: Model for predicting conducted noise in switching converters, capacitively coupled noise, inductively coupled noise, lumped circuit model.

EMCABS: 02-11-2003
PASSIVE CANCELLATION OF COMMON-MODE NOISE IN POWER ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS
Daniel Cochrane+, Dan Y. Chen ++ and Dushan Boroyevic ++
+ RF Power Systems, Northrup Grumman ES, Baltimore, MD 21240 USA
E-mail: dcochrane@northrupgrumman.com
++ Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0111
E-mail: chen@vt.edu, dushan@vt.edu
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 18, No. 3, May 2003, pp. 756-763.

Abstract: Noise cancellation techniques are not widely used for Common-Mode (CM) conducted noise in power electronics. The usual CM chokes become unwieldy when high input currents are required. A major component of CM noise is the CdV/dt current produced by the switching transistor and the parasitic capacitance to ground. An added transformer winding and capacitor essentially duplicate the waveform so that it opposes the original noise waveform. The technique is illustrated by several examples and the authors point out that it is not universally applicable.
Index terms: DC-DC converters, off-line forward converters, passive CM noise cancellation.

EMCABS: 03-11-2003
AN ANALYSIS ON MALFUNCTION OF A FLIP-FLOP DUE TO IMPULSIVE NOISE ON POWER SUPPLY
Tsuneo Tsukagoshi+, Shuichi Nitta++ and Atsuo Mutoh++
+NEC Corp. EMC Engineering Center, 4-1-1 Miyazaki, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-shi, 216-8555 Japan
++Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture & Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, 184-8588 Japan
The Transactions of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers B, Vol. J85-B, No. 1, 2002, pp. 105-118.

Abstract: This paper describes the several new proposals for the purpose of dynamic analysis on the noise detecting mechanism of a flip-flop circuit used for a noise sensor, which detects impulsive noise on a power supply Vcc. These proposals are the simplified circuit model removing nonlinear transistor model, the simplified inverting model by comparison with output Vc1 and applied noise voltage Vin, and the noise immunity estimation method, using the transition characteristics of a flip-flop. The validity of these models is verified by comparison with SPICE simulation and measurement in the limited range of time constant Tc and overdriving factor ODF. Consequently, it was clarified that the time constant of a bias circuit which contains a speed up capacitor makes the response delay of output Q for impulsive noise on Vcc, then the response delay makes a reverse voltage between applied voltage and output voltage, therefore this reverse voltage makes negative bias current for initially saturated transistor, and resulting output upset.
Index terms: Flip-flop, noise immunity, overdriving factor, time constant, transition response.

EMCABS: 04-11-2003
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF SUPPRESSION EFFECT OF EMISSION FROM PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD BY USING FERRITE PLATES
Teruo Tobana+, Qiang Chen++, Kunio Sawaya++, Takayuki Sasamori+ and Kohshi Abe+
+Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Akita Prefectural University, Aza Ebinokuchi, Tuchiya, Honjo-shi, 015-0055 Japan
++School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai-shi, 980-8579 Japan
The Transactions of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers B, Vol. J85-B, No. 2, 2002, pp. 250-257.

Abstract: The effect of suppressing electromagnetic emission from a printed circuit board (PCB) by using ferrite plates is investigated. The PCB is composed of a stripline terminated with an open, a short or a 50-Ohm load and an infinite ground plane or finite ground plane. The frequency dependent finite different time domain (FD-FDTD) method is used for the numerical analysis. The calculated results show that a strong suppression effect is achieved when the ferrite plate is located at the position where the magnetic field density is relatively high. In the case of the PCB with the finite ground plane, it is effective to locate another ferrite plate under the ground plane to suppress the radiation from the ground plane of the PCB.
Index terms: Printed circuit board, FDTD, EMI, radiation noise.

EMCABS: 05-11-2003
ANALYSIS AND MEASUREMENT OF DISTRIBUTED CONSTANTS FOR A SINGLE-WIRE LINE ON A BOUNDARY
Hirokazu Sawada+, Takashi Nakamura+ and Risaburo Sato++
+Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu-shi, 501-1193 Japan
++Sendai Electromagnetic Compatibility Research Center, Sendai-shi, 989-3204 Japan
The Transactions of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers B, Vol. J85-B, No. 2, 2002, pp. 258-265.

Abstract: In this paper, the Sommerfeld-type boundary value problem of an infinite wire line on a boundary is solved. First, using the traveling wave mode method, distributed constants along the wire are obtained, and a new modal equation is derived as a recurrent formula for equivalent permittivity of the line. Next, the convergence performance of the recurrent formula regarding the wire radius and media permittivity is examined. As a result, the distributed constants obtained by the modal equation are complex number though the two media are not dissipative. Validity of this result is confirmed by experiment.
Index terms: Boundary, single-wire traveling-wave mode method, modal equation, equivalent permittivity.

EMCABS: 06-11-2003
OPTIMIZED DESIGN OF THE LOSSY MATERIAL FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF COUPLING BETWEEN TWO MICROSTRIP LINES IN A MICROWAVE AMPLIFIER MODULE
Akihiko Saito+ and Atsuhiro Nishikata++
+Daido Steel Co., Ltd., 2-30 Daido-cho, Minami-ku, Nagoya-shi, 457-8545 Japan
++Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552 Japan
The Transactions of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers B, Vol. J85-B, No. 3, 2002, pp. 400-407.

Abstract: The electromagnetic coupling between input and output microstrip lines inside the microwave amplifier module is a serious problem. For the suppression of the coupling, putting a lossy composite sheet beneath the upper cover is effective. By the coupling formula between two microstrip lines in the microwave amplifier module which we have reported, we optimized the thickness materials and filler contents of three types of lossy composite sheets, i.e. carbon rubber, soft ferrite rubber and soft magnetic metal rubber, in an amplifier module. We theoretically and experimentally found that the soft magnetic metal composite sheet is most effective for the suppression of coupling between two microstrip lines.
Index terms: High-frequency amplifier, characteristics improvement, lossy material, microstrip line, suppression of coupling, EMC.

EMCABS: 07-11-2003
A STUDY ON PREDICTION OF EM-NOISE-REDUCTION EFFECT DUE TO NOISE-SUPPRESSION DEVICE ATTACHED ON A PRINTED WIRE
Hidetoshi Yamamoto+, Shinichi Shinohara++ and Risaburo Sato+++
+MURATA Man. Co., Ltd., Nagaokakyo-shi, 617-8555 Japan
++Sony Corp., Shinagawa-ku Tokyo, 141-0032 Japan
+++Professor Emeritus, Tohoku Univ., Sendai-shi, 980-0871 Japan
The Transactions of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers B, Vol. J85-B, No. 4, 2002, pp. 529-537.

Abstract: Noise suppression devices are used to suppress the electromagnetic noise radiated from printed circuit boards. But the effect of the devices changes greatly according to the installation position on a printed wire. So the means to predict the noise suppression effect is expected. In this paper, the relation between the installation position of various noise suppression devices on a printed wire and the noise-suppression-effect is discussed. Results of experimental examinations in the range of the frequency from 300 MHz to 10 GHz are also described. Moreover, by using the results, a simple technique to predict the EM-noise-reduction effect of the noise suppression devices is described.
Index terms: Electromagnetic noise, radiation, printed wire, noise suppression device, noise suppression effect.

EMCABS: 08-11-2003
A METHOD FOR MEASURING THE REFLECTION COEFFICIENT MATERIALS USING A SPATIAL SPHERICAL STANDING WAVE
Taro Hiraike+, Kenji Saegusa+ and Nozomu Hasebe+
+College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Funabashi-shi, 274-8501 Japan
The Transactions of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers B, Vol. J85-B, No. 4, 2002, pp. 547-554.

Abstract: For the measurement of the reflection coefficient of materials using a spatial standing wave, it is difficult to keep enough clearance in the long wavelength region. In this paper, a method for measuring the reflection coefficient of materials placed in the Fresnel region is examined by analytical and experimental investigations. For a metal sheet, a good agreement is obtained between the analytical results using the physical optics and the finite differential time domain methods, and the experimental result. Experiments using three kinds of wave absorbers were made in a frequency range of 600-2000 MHz. From the experimental results, it was noticed that the optimum region for developing the reflection coefficients is in between one to two and a half wavelengths from the materials. Reasonable values of reflection coefficients of wave absorbers were obtained from experimental results.
Index terms: A spatial standing wave, reflection coefficient, wave absorbers.

EMCABS: 09-11-2003
TWO-DIMENSIONAL RESOLUTION FOR THE DOA FINDING OF A SINGLE SHORT PULSE BY THE WAVEFORM RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE
Masanori Ishii+ and Takashi Iwasaki+
+Department of Electronic Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu-shi, 182-8585 Japan
The Transactions of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers B, Vol. J85-B, No. 6, 2002, pp. 962-970.

Abstract: This paper deals with the two-dimensional direction of arrival (DOA) finding of a single short pulse. The method is based on a waveform reconstruction technique using the complex antenna factors of a dipole antenna array with incident angle dependence. The angular resolution is estimated by the method of moment, and compared with that of the time delay method. This simulation results show the waveform reconstruction method yields better angular resolution than the time delay method.
Index terms: Single short pulse, two-dimensional DOA, waveform reconstruction, time delay, angular resolution.

EMCABS: 10-11-2003
MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS FOR TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROSTRIP LINE COVERED WITH LOSSY MAGNETIC SHEET
Akihiko Saito+ and Atsuhiro Nishikata++
+Daido Steel Co., Ltd., 2-30 Daido, Minami-ku, Nagoya-shi, 457-8545 Japan
++Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552 Japan
The Transactions of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers B, Vol. J85-B, No. 7, 2002, pp. 1095-1103.

Abstract: The rubber composite material, in which the soft magnetic metal powder is highly mixed, is effectively being used for EMI countermeasures above 1 GHz. The composite material can be used, for example, for the resonance suppression of metal enclosure of amplifiers, as well as the coupling suppression between transmission lines. In this paper, the rubber composite material sheet is put on the microstrip line to give it low-pass filter characteristics, and the problem is numerically analyzed. First, the propagation constant as well as the characteristic impedance is calculated, and then the transmission and reflection characteristics of a section are evaluated. Since the product of relative complex permittivity and permeability of the composite material is relatively high compared to that of the dielectric layer of a printed circuit board, the quasi-TEM approximation does not hold. Therefore, the Finite Difference Frequency Domain method (FDFD method) is introduced which can account for all the electromagnetic components. In the formulation, the Yee’s grid is used which is popular in the FDTD method. In the calculation, the material is assumed to be isotropic, and the measured material constants are used. In the experiment, a network analyzer measures the S11 and S21 parameters of the composite material covered section of the microstrip line. The calculated result shows good agreement with the measured results in their tendency of frequency characteristics.
Index terms: Microstrip lines, EMI, filter, soft magnetic metal, composite material, FDTD method.

EMCABS: 11-11-2003
FDTD COMPUTATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS DUE TO ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE USING A SPARK RESISTANCE FORMULA
Osamu Fujiwara+, Hideaki Seko+ and Yukio Yamanaka++
+Faculty of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya-shi, 466-8555 Japan
++Communications Research Laboratory, MPT, Yokosuka-shi, 239-0847 Japan
The Transactions of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers B, Vol. J85-B, No. 9, 2002, pp. 1644-1651.

Abstract: The electrostatic discharge (ESD) due to charged metal objects produces the electromagnetic fields having broadband frequency spectra over the microwave region, which causes serious electromagnetic interference to high-tech information equipment. From this perspective, in order to analyze the ESD fields caused by charged metal spheres, we previously proposed FDTD methods based on gap excitation with a spark current and spark voltage both analytically derived from the Rompe-Weizel formula. For metals with arbitrary shapes, however, the spark current and voltage cannot be obtained in closed forms so that the proposed method is not applicable to this case anymore. In this study, a new FDTD algorithm based on gap excitation with the time-variant conductivity and electric field of a spark channel has been proposed, which enables one to predict the ESD fields due to charged metals having arbitrary shapes. The algorithm has also been validated by a spark experiment.
Index terms: Charged metal, ESD, electromagnetic fields, Rompe-Weizel formula, FDTD algorithm.

EMCABS: 12-11-2003
DEVELOPMENT OF DIRECTIONAL-COUPLER TYPE SENSOR FOR PRINTED CIRCUITS
Satoru Kurokawa+ and Toru Sato++
+Kyoto Prefectural Comprehensive Center for Small and Medium Enterprises, 17 Chudoji-Minamimachi, Simogyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, 600-8813 Japan
++Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, 606-8501 Japan
The Transactions of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers B, Vol. J85-B, No. 12, 2002, pp. 2354-2361.

Abstract: We developed a small sensor consisting of a microstrip-line directional coupler suitable for locating the miss-match point of characteristic impedance on a printed circuit. This sensor can determine the direction of propagation of the emission along the surface of a printed circuit, and thus can be used to locate the source point. In this report, we examine the physical property of this sensor by using the FDTD method, and optimize its shape. The characteristics of the optimized sensor are confirmed by measurements, which revealed that the directivity of this sensor is more than 24 dB below 6 GHz, and is more than 17 dB below 7 GHz.
Index terms: FDTD method, directional coupler, microstrip line, electromagnetic field sensor. EMC

A Letter of Condolence for the Late
Professor Tokumaru
By Yoshio Kami, Chair of the EMCS
Japan Chapter

It is with great regret that we announce the death of Professor Shinobu Tokumaru of Keio University. He passed away on September 20, 2003 at the age of 62 after an almost one-year struggle with malignant lymphoma.

His notable contributions to the field of bioelectromagnetics, electromagnetic theory and antenna theory, as well as to unique textbooks on electrodynamics, won him respect both nationally and internationally.

We shall always remember him, not only as an eminent scientist but also as a great friend and for his humanity. We offer our deeply sincere thanks to all those who showed him kindness during his lifetime.