Dangerous Levels of Interference

One of our late compliance colleagues, Lee Ould, Jr., who was obviously slanted by his specialization in electrical safety testing, often told me that he didn't consider EMI to be dangerous unless his airplane landed at the wrong airport. I'll bet the Porsche driver in the following story had a different opinion of what defines "dangerous levels of EMI." Names have been withheld to protect the good reputation of the participating EMC professionals.

In the early 1970's, Porsche introduced a new fuel injection system, which encountered some EMI problems at around 150 MHz. Evidently, RF interference could cause a failure in which the electronic fuel injection system released fuel to all of the cylinders simultaneously, instead of releasing fuel to cylinders according to the firing order.

One sunny Southern California afternoon in 1972, two EMC engineers were cruising the freeway in their 1968 Volvo. All of a sudden, EMC Engineer #1 says, "Hey EMC Engineer #2, that's one of those new Porsches that is susceptible to RF!" Having read the same technical brief that EMC Engineer #1 had read, EMC Engineer #2 quickly grabbed the microphone on his trusty 2 meter HAM radio set and let a barrage of RF energy loose. The shiny new Porsche, at that point almost ready to overtake the cruising Volvo, reacted immediately and violently. The sports car slowed and then surged and slowed again with a huge ball of fire exiting the exhaust system behind the automobile. When EMC Engineer #2 released the microphone key, the Porsche hesitated slightly and then recovered from its out-of-sync overdose of high-octane fuel. Once again, the little sports car was prepared to blow by the engineer's beloved Swedish sedan. Not completely believing what he saw the first time, EMC Engineer #2 again keyed up his 2 meter set. Again, the Porsche hesitated and lurched with a fireball breathing from its tail pipe. Suddenly aware of the moral and legal implications of blowing up a fellow motorist, EMC Engineer #2 hastily released the microphone key. Although the Porsche recovered almost immediately, the driver was most certainly daunted by the experience and cautiously exited at the next off-ramp. One can only speculate about his conversation with the Porsche dealer. "I paid good money for this #%*@! sports car and it can't even pass a '68 Volvo on Interstate 5!"

Austria [see photos]

On 23rd January 2002, the IEEE EMC Chapter in Austria, the Seibersdorf EMC Test Laboratory and Würth Elektronik EMC & Inductive Solutions, organised the "EMC Practical Seminar 2002" at the Seibersdorf Research Center.

The following topics were presented:

• Fitting your design for CE marking: shielding, printed circuit board design and layout.
• Implementation of EMC components. The most frequent causes of errors. (Würth)
• EMC in analogue and digital interfaces (TU-Graz)
• Calibration of antennas and field probes (Seibersdorf)
• EMC requirements for electronic devices – news 2001/2002 (Seibersdorf)

Following the presentations, there was a tour of the Seibersdorf EMC Test Laboratory.

Baltimore

The Baltimore Chapter's March 2002 meeting had Dr. Paul E. Hussar, an Engineering Science Advisor of IITRI in Annapolis, Maryland, present "UTD Inter-Antenna EMC Analysis with Realistic Platform Modeling." There were 14 members and non-members present at the meeting. The January meeting had Rod Fremd, Spectrum Management Specialist of Northrop Grumman ES Division, speak on "Spectrum Management in the 21st Century." There were 13 in attendance at this meeting. The Baltimore Chapter's newly elected officers are: Chair: Robert J. Berkovits; Vice Chair: Thomas P. Bennington Jr.; Secretary: John Anderson; and Treasurer: Hoosamuddin Bandukwala.

Central New England

The Central New England Chapter meeting was held on Wednesday, March 13, 2002. The speaker was Colin Brench of Compaq Computer Corporation and a Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE EMC Society. The presentation covered "EMI Shield Behavior in Real Product Environments." EMI shielding is a mainstay of EMI control. Frequently the design of the cooling or other apertures in a given enclosure is driven by the EMI requirements. This can result in compromised thermal and/or acoustic behavior and may mandate larger, noisier fans to meet other environmental needs. The well-established "Shielding Effectiveness" equations have their place, but they also have their limitations. In this presentation, test data and modeling are used to show and explain some commonly seen but misunderstood shielding problems. Typical cases were presented, including the effects of internal and external cables when located close to an array of apertures. Any proximal conductors can influence the shielding performance of an enclosure and can create windows where the shielding is much lower than anticipated, resulting in excessive emissions. There are also situations when an EMI shield can be working much better than anticipated and under these conditions larger apertures are possible. This may permit the use of smaller fans resulting in lower noise and/or less expensive construction details. Designing appropriate EMI shields is a major task for EMC engineers and understanding their true behavior is key to achieving this goal. 32 members and guests were in attendance and the speaker responded to questions from the audience during the presentation. The Chapter has no meetings scheduled for April or May 2002. The next meeting will be held in September 2002 and is usually a joint meeting each year with the North East Product Safety Society (NPSS). This will be the seventh consecutive year for this event with NPSS. The CNE EMCS Chapter Officers will be attending committee meetings in May in preparation for the 2003 IEEE Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility to be held in Boston, Massachusetts from August 19 to 23, 2003. As you probably know, the Chairman is Jon D. Curtis of Curtis-Straus LLC, based in Littleton, Massachusetts.

Central Texas

The Central Texas Chapter of the IEEE EMC Society met in January for a tour of the new ETS-Lindgren facilities near Cedar Park, Texas. About 50 members and guests were shown ETS-Lindgren's latest antennas and semi- and tapered- anechoic chambers. Former Chapter Chairman, Dr. Michael Foegelle of ETS-Lindgren, led the tour. In February, Mr. Marc DeKirmandjian of TDK, visited the Chapter at its regular meeting location, National Instruments in Austin, Texas. He discussed various components and methods for filtering USB 2.0 and IEEE 1394 signal paths. Application notes presented in this lecture may be downloaded from the Chapter's web site at https://www.texas-emc.fr.st/. For further information and the Chapter's meeting schedule, please visit the web site.

Chicago [see photos]

The Chicago chapter held a well-attended meeting on February 20th, 2002 at Elite Electronic Engineering. Our speaker was Jerry Meyerhoff from Motorola. Jerry's presentation outlined his experience with applying NEC modeling to evaluate EMC compliance issues. Nearly 40 attendees were on hand to hear Jerry's presentation. The 2005 IEEE International Symposium on EMC steering committee also met recently and will be getting together again soon. We hope to see everyone at the Chicago Symposium in 2005!

Israel

The present security situation in Israel has regrettably forced the Committee of the 2003 IEEE EMC Symposium to decide on relocation of the EMC 2003 Symposium. The event had been planned to be held in Tel Aviv, May 11-16, 2003. The new venue is in Istanbul, Turkey, most likely at the Hilton Convention Center, although this is not finalized.

On April 14, 2002 the EMC Chapter organized a one-day meeting at the Holon Academy Institute of Technology. The meeting theme was "Electromagnetic Radiation Aspects." The meeting included four interesting topics pertaining to cellular radiation and technology:

• Dr. Sigal Sadetzky spoke on "Who is Afraid from Cellular Technology: Is There A Linkage Between Cancer and Cellular Radiation?"
• Dr. Reuven Tzemah spoke on "Stochastic Processes of Radiation Emitted from Cell Towers"
• Moshe Netzer (IEEE EMC Chapter Chairman) spoke on "Radiation Safety and Environmental Effects around Cellular Base Stations of Third Generation: DAMPS, DCS-1800, and UMTS"
• Prof. Jacob Gavan spoke on "Interference between Transmitters and Receivers and Radiation Effects: How Are They Linked?"

The meeting was open and free of charge to anyone who would like to attend. We had more than 100 attendees!

Korea

Prof. Dong Il Kim was elected as the Korea EMC Chapter Chairman and the President of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society (KEES), respectively, for two years starting January 1, 2002. Dong Il Kim received the B.E. and M.E. degrees in nautical science and electronic communications from the Korea Maritime University, in 1975 and 1977, respectively. He received a Ph.D. in electronics from the Tokyo Institute of Technology in 1984. Currently, he is a professor of the Department of Radio Sciences & Engineering at the Korea Maritime University. His research interests include the design of microwave circuits and CATV transmission circuits, development of EM absorber, and EMI/EMC countermeasures. He received the Academy-Industry Cooperation (A-I-C) Award from the Korea A-I-C Foundation in 1990, Treatise Awards from the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society and the Korea Institute of Navigation in 1993 and 1998, and the Korea President's Award from the Promotion of Science and Technology in 1995. He is a member of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society (KEES), the IEEE, the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communications of Japan, the IEEC of Korea, and the KICS.

The Korea EMC Chapter is planning joint activities with KEES including a seminar on EM Wave Technology on June 29, the EMC Korea Workshop on September 27-28 and a workshop for EMF Influence on Humans October 18-19.

Malaysia

The Malaysia Chapter recently held two technical talks organized by our joint AP/EMC/MTT Chapter. The first presentation, entitled "Research in Artificial Intelligence Systems" was given by Professor Marzuki Khalid on January 26, 2002. Dr. Khalid is the Director of the Center for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (CAIRO) at the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in Kuala Lumpur. The presentation was well attended by 35 Chapter members and guests. The second presentation, given by Mr. Jaafar Haji Mohamad Abu Bakar was entitled, "Examining the Opportunities of R&D in Wireless Communication." Mr. Bakar is with Ericsson Sdn Bhd in Kuala Lumpur. Mr. Bakar's paper, given during the meeting on February 6, was very well attended by 80 Chapter members and guests.

We also had our annual general meeting of the IEEE Joint Chapter AP/MTT/EMC on March 9, 2002 at the Hotel Nikko in Kuala Lumpur. The following officers were elected:

Chair: Associate Professor Dr. Deepak Kumar Ghodgaonkar, MARA University of Technology, Shah Alam, Malaysia

Deputy Chair: Associate Professor Dr. Zaiki Awang, MARA University of Technology, Shah Alam, Malaysia

Secretary: Associate Professor Dr. Mazlina Esa, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Committee Members: (1) Mr. Hartono Zainal Abidin (2) Dr. Mohammad Zaar B. Mohamed Jenu and (3) Mr. Tony Centeno.

Melbourne [see photo]

The Melbourne, Florida chapter held its first meeting of 2002 on February 20 at the campus of the Florida Institute of Technology (FIT). The meeting was held jointly with the FIT student chapter of the IEEE. We were privileged to have newly appointed EMCS Distinguished Lecturer, Dr. Lothar (Bud) Hoeft, make his presentation entitled, "A View of Electromagnetic Life Above 100 MHz." This was a wonderful lecture, especially for the many students and non-EMC specialists in the audience. Dr. Hoeft is an experimentalist, and his look at high frequency electromagnetics was rich with allegories to the other physical sciences, while purposely sparing with electromagnetics equations. Many electronic circuit engineers and students do not have a good grasp of the behavior of various electronic components at high frequencies, and this presentation introduced the audience to these phenomena in a common sense and non-threatening manner. For the "seasoned" EMC engineers in the audience, Dr. Hoeft presented some new and unique insights on familiar EMC topics. The Melbourne Chapter appreciates the EMCS Distinguished Lecturer program and encourages all chapters to make use of this valuable resource provided by your Society.

Milwaukee [see photos]

This relatively new EMC chapter has started out with a bang! On March 13 they organized a one-day tutorial and exhibition with Clayton R. Paul from Mercer University in Macon, Georgia. This was a repeat of the presentation Dr. Paul gave two days earlier to the Phoenix EMC Chapter (see summary under Phoenix below). Committee members for the event included Jim Blaha and Teresa White of LS Compliance, Bruce Fiorani of GE Medical Systems, and Janet O'Neil of ETS-Lindgren. 15 exhibitors of EMC products and services were on hand to showcase their offerings to the over 85 registrants present. As with the Phoenix EMC Chapter lecture, the registrants greatly appreciated the sage advice and expertise Dr. Paul shared throughout the day. Despite fighting a bad case of the flu, Dr. Paul insisted: "The show must go on!" His positive attitude saved the day. A highlight of the event was the "traveling road show raffle." During the reception following the daylong technical presentation by Dr. Paul, Jim Blaha traveled around the exhibit tables and drew business cards from bowls on several tabletop exhibit displays. Raffle items won by a few lucky participants included a digital camera donated by the Milwaukee EMC chapter, four hours of EMC test time in UL's Northbrook, Illinois ten meter semi-anechoic chamber courtesy of Underwriters Laboratories, a probe donated by Credence Technologies, and a free full registration to the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on EMC in Minneapolis provided by Dan Hoolihan, Symposium Chair, and his steering committee. LS Compliance also got into the act and donated several electronic devices to the raffle. All had a good time.

Nanjing

On January 18, 2002, the Nanjing chapter enjoyed a presentation by Professor Q.J. Wang entitled, "Neural Networks for RF/Microwave Modeling and Design." Nearly 40 members and guests enjoyed the hour and a half long presentation. Professor Wang works in the Department of Electronics at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada.

On March 11, in Shanghai, Professor D.R. Jackson of the University of Houston gave his presentations entitled, "Leaky Waves on Planar Structures: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly" and "Microstrip Antennas with Reduced Surface: Wave and Lateral-Wave Excitation." Professor Jackson's presentation was well received by 64 members and guests. Two days later in Nanjing, Professor Jackson repeated his "Leaky Waves on Planar Structures" presentation to another sizable audience of 65 members and guests. Professor Jackson's presentations were well received and appreciated by the Nanjing Chapter members in both Shanghai and Nanjing.

Orange County [see photos]

The Orange County Chapter met on March 20th at CKC Laboratories in Brea. The topic was regulatory processes in Brazil and other Latin and South American countries. Richard L. Swarz, President of Net Connection Corporation (NCC), provided an overview of the Brazilian regulatory history and present requirements for product certification. NCC focuses on assisting clients with EMC, Safety and Telecom approvals South of the US Border. NCC is licensed by Brazil as an official telecom certification agency known as an Organization for Certification Designate. The direction of Brazil's requirements was presented in detail. Richard's presentation covered the three categories that Brazil separates products into, including Category 1: Consumer Electronics, Category 2: Radio Based Products, and Category 3: Network Products. Mr. Swarz provided the attendees with the EMC requirements per category of equipment. Mr. Swarz has a copy of the Brazilian Standard available for download at: ftp://CKC-BRZ:NCC@nccrc.com/CKC-BRZ/.

Phoenix [see photos 1 – 2]

The Phoenix Chapter was honored to have the EMC Society Board of Directors attend their February 13th meeting while they were in town for a Board meeting. Dr. Todd Hubing, President of the EMC Society, presented a well-received talk on "Printed Circuit Board Power Bus Decoupling" to a packed room of 56 people. In this talk, Todd addressed the many, seemingly conflicting, rules-of-thumb that EMC practitioners use when laying out power bus and grounds on PCBs.

Much of the controversy in capacitor placement has to do with how close the power and ground planes are placed. For boards that have closely spaced planes (i.e., 10mils or less), the capacitor placement is not critical. That is because the planes themselves are providing the high frequency capacitance by virtue of their low inductance and consequently low power bus impedance. On the other hand, we have boards with widely spaced planes such as those used in 4-layer boards. In this case, the capacitor placement is critical because widely spaced planes have lower inter-plane capacitance. The mutual inductance between closely spaced vias can work to our advantage by drawing current from nearby decoupling caps before it is drawn from the planes. By placing the decoupling caps close to the ground or Vcc pins (whichever connects to the plane furthest from the component), we are able to keep the power bus noise to a minimum because of mutual inductance coupling.

The bottom line in power bus decoupling is that we're not trying to supply charge, but rather current. And the rate at which current can be drawn out of a capacitor is related to inductance, not capacitance. Thus, power bus decoupling techniques must focus on minimizing inductance. In general, a good approach for power bus decoupling is to use closely spaced power and ground planes with vias tying the components' Vcc and Gnd pins directly to the planes without the use of traces. However, in many situations (e.g. boards with only a few active high-speed devices), boards with wider plane spacing or boards with no power plane at all can be just as effective at minimizing power bus noise while supplying the current necessary to ensure signal integrity.

On March 11th, the Phoenix Chapter sponsored EMC Fest 2002, an all day exhibition and tutorial with Dr. Clayton R. Paul from Mercer University in Macon, Georgia. The event was truly successful with over 70 people attending. The 20 exhibitors are to be commended for their tremendous support of this program, as they were instrumental in enabling this special event to take place.

Dr. Paul put together the technical program with both new and experienced EMC personnel in mind. He began his tutorial describing the "hidden schematic" that is present in all designs, which accounts for the non-ideal behavior of the circuitry. A traditional Electrical Engineering curriculum focuses only on ideal behavior. But as EMC practitioners, we must "get our minds right" and not automatically think in ideal behavior terms. As Dr. Paul says, electrons do not read schematics.

Dr. Paul covered a considerable amount of material in his "Fundamentals of EMC" tutorial. He suggested that power supply emissions are often difficult to fix because of the constraints of safety and power. We also learned that bigger is not always better when it comes to capacitors and inductors because of the parasitic elements. Dr. Paul provided an innovative technique for reducing common-mode power supply emissions by placing an inductor in the green wire ground. He pointed out that because of safety constraints, one should be careful not to break the green wire, but rather loop the green wire through a toroidal core several times and then use a star washer to ground it to the product's chassis.

In Dr. Paul's summary, he encouraged us not to use shielding as a crutch but rather beat things down at the source. One can use shielding as a last resort after all other mitigation techniques have been exhausted.

Following the technical presentation, the Phoenix Chapter sponsored a reception with door prizes and a book signing by Dr. Paul. Information on upcoming meetings is available at the chapter's web site, https://www.ewh.ieee.org/r6/phoenix/phoenixemc/.

Seattle [see photos 1 _ 2]

On January 22, the Seattle EMC Chapter held a meeting at CKC Labs in Redmond. The speaker was Juha Junkkarinen of Juha Junkkarinen, Inc. His topic was "NEBS: It's Not Mission Impossible." Several dramatic slides showed the significance of Network Equipment Building System (NEBS) testing. Bob Nees of CKC Labs and Keith Andersen of Wyle Labs are partners in NEBS compliance testing. Together they sponsored the delicious dinner buffet of barbecue beef sandwiches catered by Tony Roma's. In February, the Seattle EMC Chapter was very busy! The EMC Chapter co-organized a one-day colloquium and exhibition titled "Wireless 2002" along with the Seattle IEEE chapters of the Microwave Theory and Techniques, Computer and Communications Societies. This event was held on February 25 at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Bellevue, just east of Seattle. Over 120 people attended in this event. The technical program included: "Introduction to Wireless Technology" by Joe Decuir; "How to Use Bluetoothª: Implementation of Current Technology" by Tim Reilly, Stonestreet One; "Rationalizing Bluetoothª in a Wireless World" by Andy Glass, Microsoft; "Antenna Design for Wireless Products" by Kerry Greer, Skycross; "Wireless LANs: Physical Layer Overview and RF Testing" by Todd Stockert, Agilent Technologies; and "Bluetoothª Compliance Testing" by Karsten Beckmann, Rohde & Schwarz. The technical program was very well received by the participants. Several exhibitors were also on hand with displays of products and services for the wireless industry. The technical program and photos of the event are available on the IEEE Seattle Section website at www.ieee-seattle.org. The following evening, on February 26, the Chapter hosted Colin Brench, EMC Society Distinguished Lecturer, with Compaq Computer Corporation, who spoke on "EMI Shield Behavior in Real Product Environments." Over 30 Chapter members attended this practical presentation, including Steve Marx from Seattle Central who teaches a course on wireless communications. Steve brought along several students who enjoyed the tour of the EMC facilities at CKC Labs where the meeting was held, the pizza dinner, and the presentation. Everyone enjoyed the speaker's command of the subject and his sense of humor. On March 26, the Chapter presented the "Pat and Steve Show." This meeting was held at Netro (formerly AT&T Wireless) in Redmond. Fortunately for the 46 Chapter members present, there was a great dinner catered by the Claim Jumper restaurant. After dining on rotisserie chicken, mashed potatoes and Caesar salad, the Chapter was treated to an entertaining presentation by Pat AndrŽ and Steve Jensen, two noted EMC consultants. The evening started with Pat giving a "Shirt Pocket Guide to EMC." He shared a variety of equations and design techniques, including impedance equations, wavelength calculations, case shielding and design considerations, and even how to wind a balun. Steve Jensen next shared an interesting EMC tale. Steve was contacted in July of 2001 by the New York State department of transportation, bridges and roads division regarding a situation on the KOSCIUSZKO Bridge spanning "North Creek" which separates Queens County from King County in New York. The bridge is a part of the Brooklyn-Queens-Expressway (BQE) connecting Brooklyn NY with Queens. Painters and maintenance personnel were experiencing "shocks" and in some cases minor burns when disembarking from man-lifts onto the bridge. Steve's presentation reviewed an investigation of the effect of illuminating the bridge and associated equipment with the electromagnetic field from a nearby AM radio station transmitter (WQEW). This is not the usual EMC problem. The results and solution were of interest to all, however. It was a lighthearted, fun evening and everyone learned a thing or two while being entertained by these EMC consultants.

Singapore [see photos]

Associate Professor Kye-Yak See, Chair, Singapore Chapter reports that two events were organized in the first quarter of 2002. On January 31, a one-day tutorial on "Electromagnetic Compatibility in Industrial Equipment: Standards, Problems and Solutions" was held at the National University of Singapore. This event was jointly organized with the IEEE Industry Applications Chapter. Both the IEEE EMC and IA Chapters were very honored to have Professor Paolo Tenti and Associate Professor Giorgio Spiazzi in Singapore to give the one-day tutorial under the IEEE Distinguished Lecturers program. Both Professor Tenti and Associate Professor Spiazzi are from the University of Padova, Italy. The tutorial covered the main aspects related to electromagnetic compatibility issues in industrial equipment. The presentation began by covering the main standards developed under the EMC Directive, illustrated by some significant case studies. Then, the most important engineering aspects that must be considered to properly approach the EMC-related problems were discussed. The tutorial was very well received with about 70 participants. The Singapore EMC Chapter would like to thank the National University of Singapore for sponsoring the tutorial venue and tea breaks.

On March 12, a half-day seminar entitled "EMC Regulations and European Legislation for Radio Equipment and EMC on 3G Mobile Terminals" was organized jointly with the Chapter and the Rohde & Schwarz Support Center in Singapore. The seminar speaker was Dr. Klaus-Dieter Goepel, Director of Marketing, Rohde & Schwarz, Asia. The seminar was well attended by 28 participants. Dr. Goepel gave an excellent presentation outlining the impact of EMC regulations on the radio and telecommunications test equipment. The participants benefited greatly from the sharing of his experience and findings on EMC. There was very positive feedback from many of the participants; all felt that they had benefited from the seminar. The Singapore EMC Chapter would like to thank Joseph Soo, General Manager of Rohde & Schwarz Singapore, and his staff, for helping to co-organize this seminar.

Southwest Washington and Oregon

The Southwest Washington and Oregon Chapter is excited about the opportunity to host the 2006 IEEE International Symposium on IEEE in Portland, Oregon. In addition, the chapter continues to work very hard to bring great speakers to our meetings. Most recently, in March the chapter brought out Tom Moyer from Amplifier Research for a presentation on RF Conducted Immunity Testing. In April, the chapter is planning a presentation from Ghery Pettit of Intel and Steve Berger of TEM Consulting. They will be discussing ferrite clamps and their use in radiated emissions testing as they relate to CISPR 22 Amendment 1. In May, Keith Hardin from Lexmark will come and speak on the history and usage of spread spectrum clock generation. In June, tradition warrants a summer social for members and their families. The EMC Chapter has made a concerted effort to provide greater support for its affiliate product safety technical committee (PSTC). It jump started the local group with funds this year and helped contribute to its organizational structure. The EMC PSTC has had a very successful start with monthly meetings and/or activities since September. The membership and awareness of these activities has increased. The following topics have been covered this year:

September: "Emerging Markets", Ms. Lisa M. Brown, Intertek Testing Services/ETL Semko

October: New International Attributes of the National Electrical Code (NEC), presented by Thomas Childers, UL

November: An Industry Panel Perspective on "Fire", Rich Johnson (HP) and Wendy Blanton (IBM)

December : Holiday Social

January: Testing of Transient Voltage Surge Suppressors, Erik Schellenberg

February: NEBS, Juha Junkkarinen (EMC/PSTC joint meeting)

March: The Hidden Pitfalls of California's Proposition 65, Suzanne Henderson

April: SEMI S2 Workshop

The PSTC has established a full slate of active officers, including: Henry Benitez (HP), Lisa Brown (ITS), Randy Mayorga (UL), Ivan Vandewege (HP), Ali Elmi (Xerox), Wendy Blanton (IBM), and Art Henderson (Olson). The success of this affiliate product safety group and contributions to the national PSTC organization has sparked the active development of a new IEEE Society for product safety. There has been a substantial crossover of members attending both monthly EMC and product safety meetings.

Ukraine

The joint AP/C/EMC/SP Chapter of the Ukraine Section (Kharkov) recently elected new officers: Chair: Prof. Gennadiy I. Churyumov, Senior Member of the IEEE; Vice-Chair: Prof. Nicolay N. Kolchigin, Member of the IEEE; and Secretary-Treasurer: Dr. Peter L. Tokarsky, Senior Member of the IEEE. Other Officers elected included: Professor Yakov S. Shifrin, Fellow of the IEEE and Dr. Valeriy I. Zaritskiy, Member of IEEE

EMC