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EMCABSEMC Abstracts |
Osamu Fujiwara, Associate Editor |
Following are abstracts of papers from
previous EMC symposia, related conferences, meetings and publications. EMCAB COMMITTEEConsultant r.d.hunter@ieee.com EMC Research Section, Northern Jiatong University, Beijing, China emclab@center.njtu.edu.cn L.E.A.D., Maisons, Alfort France FerdyMayerLEADFrance@compuserve.com Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Rome, Italy sarto@elettrica.ing.uniroma1.it “How Can I Get a Copy of an Abstracted Article?"Engineering college/university libraries, public libraries, company or corporate libraries, National Technical Information Services (NTIS), or the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) are all possible sources for copies of abstracted articles of papers. If the library you visit does not own the source document, the librarian can probably request the material or a copy from another library through interlibrary loan, or for a small fee, order it from NTIS or DTIC. Recently it became clear that EMCABs were more timely than publications which were being listed in data files. Therefore, additional information will be included, when available, to assist in obtaining desired articles or papers. Examples are: IEEE, SAE, ISBN, and Library of Congress identification numbers. The abstracts of papers from EMC Japan are now available on the web-site: https://www.tc.knct.ac.jp/EMCJ/index-e.html, which has been provided by the IEICE EMC Japan Technical Committee and the EMC-S Japan Chapter with the aid of Professor Yoshifumi Shimoshio, Kumamoto National College of Technology. Most of the papers are available in Japanese only, while the abstracts are clearly identified. In each abstract the author's address or e-mail is given below the article title. You can directly contact the author(s) of your interested article and request the copy. In case you cannot reach the author(s), please feel free to contact Prof. Shimoshio via e-mail at yshimo@tc.knct.ac.jp . He will assist in routing your request to the author(s), but her will not translate the papers. As the EMC Society becomes more international, we will be adding additional worldwide abstractors who will be reviewing articles and papers in many languages. We will continue to set up these informal cooperation networks to assist members in getting the information or contacting the author(s). We are particularly interested in symposium proceedings which have not been available for review in the past. Thank you for any assistance you can give to expand the EMCS knowledge base. |
Seow, T S*, Yeo, P C*, Jansson, L**, Backstrom, M**
*DSO National Laboratories, Singapore
** FOA Defence Research Establishment, Sweden
Book of Abstracts, EUROEM 2000 Euro Electromagnetics, Edinburgh, Scotland, May 30-June 2,
2000, P.14
Abstract: The paper describes the Low Power Microwave Test Methodology and the test result of microwave susceptibility measurement on commercial PCs. In this research, we carried out two types of measurement on the PC. They are as follows: Shielding Effectiveness (SE) of the PC in Reverberation Chamber and Low Power Microwave (LPM) Susceptibility Testing. For the SE measurement of the PC, it was performed in the FOA'S Reverberation Chamber. The chamber size is 5.1 m x 2.46 m x 3 m. The Reverberation Chamber consists of two stirrers, one rotating vertically and the other horizontally. The field inside the computer was measured using two short monopole probes of length 4 mm. Such probe is constructed from a semi-rigid cable with the inner conductor exposed at the end. In the LPM susceptibility testing, the PC was broken down into seven sub-systems. Each subsystem was tested using the same test parameters (E-field = 100/200 V/m, CW, Horizontal and Vertical Polarization). The objective of this measurement is to determine the PC sub-systems under microwave radiation. Preliminary investigation has shown that most of the sub-systems were more susceptible to low frequency than high frequency microwave radiation. It was also observed that field level of 200 V/m was unable to damage the PC (only caused degradation). The most susceptible sub-system was the Video Monitor and least susceptible was the Hard Disk.
Index terms: Microwave susceptibility, shielding effectiveness, reverberation chamber.
Rooney, M*, Lubell, J**, Ma Pierre, J***
* Defense Threat Reduction Agency, USA
** JAYCOR, USA
*** Defense Threat Reduction Agency,
Book of Abstracts, EUROEM 2000 Euro Electromagnetics, Edinburgh, Scotland, May 30-June 2,
2000, P.19
Abstract: There is a requirement to use commercial electronics in United States military systems to the extent practical. As a consequence, commercial electronics are finding their way onto the modern battlefield. In addition, critical civilian infrastructure systems are becoming more reliant on electronic components. Thus, in both the commercial and military sectors, there is increasing interest in the capability of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) electronics to operate during and after exposure to high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) environments. The capability of modern commercial electronics to operate through HEMP environments is largely unknown. Therefore, the Defense Threat Reduction Agency initiated a program to test COTS subsystems and to populate an immunity data-base using the results. Several commercial electronic components, configured as operating subsystems, were exposed to simulated HEMP fields in the laboratory. Operation during and after exposure was monitored, and immunity/susceptibility levels determined. The results of this COTS equipment testing show that COTS components configured as operating subsystems have upset and damaged susceptibility levels below the peak HEMP fields that can be experienced on the battlefield. Upset was observed below 1 kV/m and damage in the range of 4 kV/m. Field coupling to interconnecting cables caused the anomalous response. Immunity levels should be considered at least a factor of 2 below the corresponding susceptibility levels. Thus, there is risk that mission functions dependent on these COTS subsystems will be degraded upon exposure to HEMP fields if the subsystems are deployed without HEMP protection.
Index terms: EMP, susceptibility, high-altitude electromagnetic pulse.
Coburn, W*, Berry, M* and Turner, T*
* U.S.Army Research Laboratory, USA
Book of Abstracts, EUROEM 2000 Euro Electromagnetics, Edinburgh, Scotland, May 30-June 2,
2000, P.26
Abstract: This report describes an experimental method to determine the susceptibility of an electronic system when exposed to a rectangular pulse-modulated RF carrier. Radio frequency (RF) effects experiments were conducted in a model 5317 gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM!) cell, supplied, installed, and certified by the Electro-Mechanics Company. The results, presented in terms of a normalized power density required to induce an adverse effect, demonstrate consistent trends in the measured susceptibility levels. The system susceptibility depends on the modulation waveform, and the measured data can be used to estimate system vulnerabilities to pulse-modulated signals. The test samples were in a powered and operational state in the GTEM! cell and exposed to pulse modulated signals with RF carrier frequencies in the range of 1 to 2 GHz. The threshold level for system susceptibility was found to depend on the pulse modulation and the RF carrier frequency. The critical modulation parameter is identified to be the pulse repetition rate to provide the optimum side-frequency components in the transmitted spectrum. To account for the experimental repeatability and uncertain engagement geometries, we include a factor of two margin (i.e., 3 dB) in the susceptibility threshold level. For pulse-modulated signals, we find that this system is susceptible when exposed to sufficient average power density. The results can be used to establish an upper bound on the HPM susceptibility of this electronic system. (GTEM! is a registered trademark of the Electro-Mechanics Company.)
Index terms: RF susceptibility, GTEM cell, pulse modulated signal.
Parmantier, J P*, Issac, F*, Bertyikm, S* and Boulay, F*
* ONERA, France
Book of Abstracts, EUROEM 2000 Euro Electromagnetics, Edinburgh, Scotland, May 30-June 2,
2000, P.32
Abstract: To represent EM coupling on shielded cables it is common to introduce the concept of transfer impedance and transfer admittance. Generally, the derivation of the coupling response of a shielded cable is performed in two steps, solving two problems separately. First, the response of the shield is determined by calculating external currents and external voltages. Then, they are used to derive the distributed equivalent voltage generators, and current generators, on the inner wires. The expression of those generators is fully correct but the decomposition in two independent domains requires an important assumption that may be easily forgotten: the shield must be short-circuited at both ends. However, in the general case, the connections of the shields at the ends determine the performance of the shielding. Therefore, the knowledge of the equivalent generators is not sufficient and mutual coupling terms between the shields and the inner wires may become more relevant than the transfer parameters through the shields. The objective of the talk is to present a general model of a multi-shield/multi-conductor cable enabling one to account for EM coupling and EM emission at the same time, whatever the connections at the ends of the shields are. Such a model has been already applied at ONERA for a long time and is still improved but up to now, we did not have the opportunity to devote a paper to demonstrate all its advantages.
Index terms: Shielded cable, multi-conductor transmission line, EM coupling, EM emission.
Steinmetz, T* and Nitsch, J*
* Otto-von-Guericke-Universitat, Magdeburg, Germany
Book of Abstracts, EUROEM 2000 Euro Electromagnetics, Edinburgh, Scotland, May 30-June 2,
2000, P.32
Abstract: Modern complex systems like cars or aircraft contain miles of cables. These cables connect various electrical sensors and actors that work on a low energetic level. Knowledge of the electromagnetic behavior of such a system already in the design phase would help to ensure the electromagnetic compatibility of the entire system. If the disturbances on the cables are known, then the separate circuits of the system could appropriately be hardened. An effective method to treat such problems is the electromagnetic topology in conjunction with the transmission line theory. However, in real systems the cable geometry often does not meet the basic assumptions of the transmission line theory. In many cases the cables are non-uniform lines. Therefore a method is presented which allows one to treat non-uniform lines in a network code. This method is based on the product integral, which is the solution of a system of ordinary linear differential equations with non-constant coefficients. Many calculations of randomly generated tube geometries have to be completed to estimate maximum and minimal bounds for the scattering or propagation parameters. The disturbances on the cables of the system can roughly be estimated with these results. Also a calculation of the statistical distribution of the disturbances on the cables is possible using the resulting scattering or propagation parameters of the randomly generated tubes in the BLT-equation.
Index terms: Non-uniform transmission line, electromagnetic disturbances, cable harness, statistical analysis.
Baranowki, S*, Kone, L* and Demoulin, B*
*Universite des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, France
Book of Abstracts, EUROEM 2000 Euro Electromagnetics, Edinburgh, Scotland, May 30-June 2,
2000, P.57
Abstract: Mode stirred reverberation chambers are suitable tools for electromagnetic compatibility measurements, especially to carry out immunity tests and radiated field measurements. Theoretical simulation of the field distribution inside these oversized cavities are today considered, in order to improve the mode stirred methods and to characterize the electromagnetic coupling phenomena introduced by the devices under test. At high frequency range, we can consider that the sizes of the reverberation chamber are large compared to the wavelength. In these conditions an optical approach may be used to predict the field distribution in the room. Then, the electromagnetic field at any point within the cavity may be considered as the sum of the incident wave merging from the source antenna and the multiple reflections occurring on the walls of the room. Paths and amplitude of the reflected waves are equivalent to the radiation of N shifted images of the antenna source weighted by the reflection parameters of the walls. Due to the high conductivity of the walls, the reflection parameters are closed to one, then a too large number of images is required to reach a numerical convergence. However, the model aimed in this paper not to find exactly the field amplitude in the room, but rather to test the efficiency of the mode stirred methods. The proposed simulation will consist in using the statistical feature of the field distribution.
Index terms: Reverberation chamber, mode stirred method, field distribution, statistical simulation.
Fujiwara, O*
*Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan
Book of Abstracts, EUROEM 2000 Euro Electromagnetics, Edinburgh, Scotland, May 30-June 2,
2000, P.58
Abstract: The electromagnetic fields due to electrostatic discharge (ESD) between charged metals have wide-band frequency spectra up to the microwave region, which often give a fatal shock to high-tech information devices. Such electromagnetic interference is known to be significantly affected by the metals, whereas the effect is not being well understood. In this paper a FDTD (finite-difference time-domain) modeling was investigated to compute the ESD fields in conjunction with a spark current and a spark voltage both theoretically derived from the Rompe-Weizel spark resistance formula. The effect of the metal on the ESD fields was numerically examined with respect to their size. Comparison was made between the FDTD computation and the analysis based on the previously proposed dipole model. A simple experiment by the spark between metal balls was also conducted to validate the computation modeling.
Index terms: Metal, electrostatic discharge, spark-resistance formula, FDTD modeling.
Kami, Yoshio*
*The University of Electro-Communications, Japan
Book of Abstracts, EUROEM 2000 Euro Electromagnetics, Edinburgh, Scotland, May 30-June 2,
2000, P.58
Abstract: A model of two transmission lines of different heights crossing each other is seen in various line systems such as communication lines, power lines, multi-layer printed circuit boards, etc. In digital circuit boards, crosstalk is a serious topic according as working voltage becomes low. Coupling or crosstalk between two transmission lines of finite length crossing at right angles is investigated in time domain. The time-domain coupling voltages are measured under some conditions and then the coupling mechanism are studied from the experimental results. We consider a system of two transmission lines crossing each other at right angles; two thin wire lines are set at different heights above a ground plane of aluminum. Two lines are assumed to be inherently of transverse electromagnetic (TEM) mode. The coupling of non-parallel transmission lines has been studied on a basis of circuit concept. There are essentially two coupling mechanism, i.e., electric- and magnetic-field couplings caused by TEM fields and those by currents on risers supporting the wire line of finite-length transmission line.
Index terms: Crossing transmission lines, time-domain response, measurement, coupling mechanism.
Tyo,S* and Buchenauer, J**
*US Naval Postgraduate School, USA
**Los Alamos National Labs NIS-9, USA
Book of Abstracts, EUROEM 2000 Euro Electromagnetics, Edinburgh, Scotland, May 30-June 2,
2000, P.66
Abstract: High-quality measurements of ultra-wideband (UWB) electromagnetic fields are difficult to make because of the limited bandwidth of sensors, transmission channels, and measurement devices. Numerous techniques have been developed to deconvolve the response of the measurement system in order to accurately reconstruct the incident signal. A number of sensors have been introduced that utilize loaded and unloaded monopole and TEM horn antennas in order to achieve a flat impulse response over a reasonable frequency range. In contrast to frequency-domain processing, where temporal signals are converted to the Fourier domain for deconvolution before being converted back to the time domain for presentation, true time-domain processing involves no Fourier processing. In this paper techniques are presented that have been designed to be used strictly in the time domain, and the benefits and limitations are discussed.
Index terms: Ultra-wideband electromagnetic fields, time-domain measurement, sensor, deconvolution.
Russo, P*, De Leo, R*, Cerri, G* and Chiarandini, S*
*Universita di Ancona, Italy
Book of Abstracts, EUROEM 2000 Euro Electromagnetics, Edinburgh, Scotland, May 30-June 2,
2000, P.73
Abstract: In the present contribution we show the results obtained evaluating the SAR distribution inside a dielectric cube, placed in the near field of a straight dipole and a normal mode helical antenna of dimensions typical of the commonly used radiating structures in cellular phones, at the operating frequency of 1710 MHz. A hybrid Method MoMTD/FDTD was applied to solve the electromagnetic problem; in particular the radiating antennas are studied by MoM and the field inside a complex penetrable object is evaluated by FDTD. Concerning the SAR distributions inside the cube, we can observe that, as expected, for the case of the helix it is concentrated in a region smaller than that of the straight dipole case. The maximum value of SAR (normalized to 1W of radiated power) we found inside the cube for dipole antenna is SARmaxA=13.38 W/Kg. For the helix we found SARmaxB=6.58W/Kg that is lower than that obtained for the straight dipole.
Index terms: Cellular phone, SAR, straight dipole, helical antenna, MoM/FDTD method.
Zelic, I*, Sarajcev, I**, Vucak, S***
*Hrvatska el Ektroprivreda D.D., Croatia
**University of Split, Croatia
***Croatian National Electricity, Croatia
Book of Abstracts, EUROEM 2000 Euro Electromagnetics, Edinburgh, Scotland, May 30-June 2,
2000, P.85
Abstract: Earthing conductors are often laid together with cables in the same cable trench. Cable sheets and earthing conductors represent a system of passive conductors. They are mostly connected to the earthing grid of incidental substations in making a common earthing system. In case of phase-to-ground short circuit, fault currents in the earthing system as well as through the ground occur. These currents are a consequence of both electromagnetic coupling and potential of earthing grid. Currents caused by electromagnetic coupling in the system of passive conductors may be represented by an adequate current reduction factor. This reduction factor has an important role at solving numerous tasks from the EMC area. This paper shows calculation of the current reduction factor of a three-core cable line and arbitrary number of earthing conductors laid in a common cable trench. An adequate mathematical model is presented. A quasi-steady-state treatment is used because it deals with sinus alternate values. Geophysical features of the cable route are taken into account. An appertaining equation system in a matrix form is derived, by which current and voltage state in the system of passive conductors is described.
Index terms: Earthing conductors, three-core cable line, current reduction factor, quasi-steady-state analysis.
Tkachenko, S**, Rachidi, F*, Ianoz, M*, Martynov, L*** and Vodopianov, G**
*Power Systems Laboratory, Switzerland
**Radio Research, Development Institute, Russia
***Ministry of Telecom. Of the Russian Federat., Russia
Book of Abstracts, EUROEM 2000 Euro Electromagnetics, Edinburgh, Scotland, May 30-June 2,
2000, P.85
Abstract: The necessity to analyze the interaction of high-frequency electromagnetic field with transmission lines arises in many problems of electromagnetic compatibility. To solve such problem, the transmission line (TL) approximation is not applicable for the general case of a finite line. Additionally, the presence of non-uniformities, such as line bends, makes the use of the TL approximation more questionable. Therefore, the solution of the problem is found in general by solving numerically the Pocklington's equation. We propose in this study an asymptotic approach, which is based on the fact that in the regions of the wire sufficiently far from non-uniformities (such as terminal loads, line bends, etc.), the influence of the currents in these parts is negligible. Using this approach, it is possible to express analytically the induced current along the asymptotic region of the line as the sum of three terms: a forced-response wave which corresponds to the solution of nonhomogeneous Pocklington's equation for the case of an infinitely long wire, and two positive and negative traveling waves (with unknown coefficients) corresponding to the solution of the homogeneous Pocklington's equation.
Index terms: Transmission lines, coupling, Pocklington's equation, asymptotic analysis.
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