Forefront Applications of Digital Holography for Flow and Micro-Plankton Dynamics Measurements

Speaker:

Professor Joseph Katz
Department of Mechanical Engineering

The Johns Hopkins University

Date:

Thursday, November 15, 2012

Time:

5:00pm - Refreshments and hors d'oeuvres
5:30pm - 6:20pm - Seminar
6:30pm - Optional dinner with speakers at local restaurant [Looney’s Irish Pub]

Location:

University of Maryland
1146 A. V. Williams Building (ISR Conference Room)
(directions and campus map available)

Abstract:

Cinematic digital holography and holographic microscopy enable measurements of 3D flow structures and particle dynamics at unprecedented resolution. Several examples of laboratory and field applications include:

• Characterizing the flow around and behavior of marine organisms, e.g. the recirculating 3D flow around copepods, the low-‐Reynolds number swimming of nauplei, the effect of toxic dinoflagellates on the grazing behavior of copepods, as well as predation strategies and associated changes to the helical trajectories of dinoflagellates.

• The presentation will conclude with a brief description of a submersible, free drifting, oceanic, digital holography system (Holosub). Data obtained during recent deployments provides vertical profiles of particle and plankton distributions as a function of the flow, turbulence and stratification.

• Studying the near-‐wall flow within turbulent boundary layers. Over a smooth wall, the resolution is sufficient for measuring instantaneous wall shear stress distributions from velocity gradients in the viscous sublayer.

The residential solar market has changed a lot in the past 2 years. Learn why now is the best time ever to go solar. Be able to determine whether a site is a good candidate, and why that is important for the average consumer. Know the financial and environmental benefit for a homeowner of a good candidate site, and understand what it takes to get the system designed, installed, and most importantly turned on!

Biography:

Dr. Joseph Katz is the William F. Ward Sr. Distinguished Professor in the Department of Mechanical

Engineering at the Johns Hopkins University. He received his BS degree from Tel Aviv University and MS and PhD from Caltech, all in Mechanical Engineering. After several years at Purdue University, he joined the Johns Hopkins University in 1988. He is a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and of the American Physical Society (APS), as well as a Johns Hopkins University Gilman Scholar. He served as the Technical Editor of the Journal of Fluids Engineering, and is currently the Chair of the Board of Transaction Editors of ASME. He has advised numerous graduate students and post-docs, most of which currently hold academic, industrial and government research positions around the world. He has received several awards including the 2004 ASME Fluids Engineering Award, and several best paper awards. His research focuses on experimental fluid mechanics and development of advanced diagnostics techniques for laboratory and field applications. His research groups has studied laboratory and oceanic boundary layers, flows in turbomachines, flow induced vibrations, swimming behavior of marine plankton in the laboratory and in the ocean, as well as cavitation, bubble, and droplet dynamics. He has co-authored more than 300 Journal and conference papers.   

Plenary Session: Forefront Developments in the Technology, Policy, and Economics of Solar Power

Speakers:

Dr. Daniel Josell
National Institute of Standards and Technology

Bianca Barth
Solar Electric Power Association

Katherine Arredondo
Energy Consultant, SolarCity

Date:

Wednesday, October 17, 2012

Time:

4:30pm - Refreshments and hors d'oeuvres
5:00pm – 6:30pm - Seminars
6:35pm - Optional dinner with speakers at local restaurant [Looney’s Irish Pub]

Location:

University of Maryland
1146 A. V. Williams Building (ISR Conference Room)
(directions and campus map available)

Abstracts:

“Turning p-n junctions upside-down: Interdigitated Back Contacts for Thin Film Photovoltaic Devices”
(Dr. Daniel Josell, National Institute of Standards and Technology) 

Most photovoltaic devices have the required positive and negative electrodes on opposite faces. Dr.  Josell will be detailing his research in thin film back contact geometry photovoltaic devices where he turns this problem on its head by fabricating both p and n electrodes together in a single process (see figure at left), differentiating them subsequently byelectrodeposition, then depositing the thin film semiconductor last. He will detail his results with cadmium-telluride based devices performed at NIST. This process has the distinct advantage of NOT needing an opaque front metal contact (that can absorb the sunlight inefficiently), thereby offering the potential for improved efficiency. Dr. Josell will also be presenting a few slides concerning his considerable practical expertise in the installation and economics ofphotovoltaics for the home, since he recently had a 9 kW system installed on his roof 3 years ago. 

“Solar Energy: Trends, Business Models and Growth Perspectives”
(Bianca Barth, SEPA)

Solar markets are booming in the United States due to falling photovoltaic prices, strong consumer demand, and financial incentives from the federal government, states, and utilities. Mrs. Barth will give an overview of U.S. solar markets, including developments in the customer and wholesale market segments. She will talk about policy activities on the federal level that impact solar markets and review the most important state level policies, including renewable portfolio standards, interconnection and net metering rules. She will also discuss utility involvement with solar and present some innovative utility solar business models.

“Everything you always wanted to know about installing solar, but were afraid to ask”
(Katherine Arredondo, SolarCity)

The residential solar market has changed a lot in the past 2 years. Learn why now is the best time ever to go solar. Be able to determine whether a site is a good candidate, and why that is important for the average consumer. Know the financial and environmental benefit for a homeowner of a good candidate site, and understand what it takes to get the system designed, installed, and most importantly turned on!

Biographies:

Dr. Josell graduated from Harvard College in 1987 and obtained his Ph.D in Materials Science in 1992 from Harvard University. He has been a staff member of the National Institute of Standards and Technology for 19 years; he led the Thin Film and Nanostructure Processing Group from 2005 until Sept. 2012 and was Deputy Chief of the Metallurgy Division from 2006 through 2010.  He has received numerous research awards at NIST including the Gold Medal Award from the Department of Commerce in recognition of his research in superfilling processes for fabrication of damascene interconnects. He is author of more than one hundred technical publications that are, together, cited over 2000 times in the technical and patent literature. For the last several years his work has focused on three-dimensionally structured photovoltaic devices.

Bianca Barth began working with the Solar Electric Power Association (SEPA), an educational non-profit dedicated to helping utilities integrate solar power into their energy portfolios, in 2009, where she serves as a Research Manager. In that role she supports the department’s efforts to provide data and analysis on utilities and solar market development to SEPA staff, members and external stakeholders. Her main focus is on Utility Solar Business Models and related policies and regulations. Prior to joining SEPA, she worked as a Policy Officer at the World Future Council in Hamburg, Germany, where she dealt with climate and renewable energy policy issues on an international level. Before, she worked in different research projects at the Environmental Policy Research Centre in Berlin dealing with climate policies and providing policy advice on ecological industrial policy to the German Ministry of the Environment. She holds a Masters in Political Science from the Free University in Berlin, Germany.

Katherine Arredondo has been a solar consultant since 2008 with experience in cash sales, Commercial and Residential Leases, Power Purchase Agreements, and Government Procurement. Under SolarCity she qualifies candidate sites, establishes customer goals and requirements, and creates a preliminary design based on satellite tools and PV Watts.  When a contract is accepted she facilitates necessary steps for utility approval and installation.  Katherine also has experience applying for state and local incentives, submitting applications for HOA/Historic/committee reviews and approvals, and establishing set up of Solar Renewable Energy Credit Sales. Prior to her entry into the renewable field Katherine was in interior design, holding a BFA from Maryland Institute College of Art.   

For slides from this session, please click the links below.

Dr. Dan Josell: Back Contact Thin Film Photovoltaics & My PV System: 9 kW and a Rooftop

Lauren Harris (SolarCity): Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Solar But Were Too Afraid to Ask

In this talk I present the development of an imaging system for millimeter waves (mmWs) as well as many of its advantages and applications in the defense and security markets. Imaging in the mmW spectrum offers many of the advantages common to infrared imaging, but allows for the ability to see through obscurants, such as blowing sand, fog, dust, smoke, and light rain. It also offers the ability to see through certain types of materials, like outer garments, fiberglass, drywall, and others. In the course of this talk, I will discuss some of the unique attributes of mmWs and some of the underlying technologies used to capture and process these signals into images. In particular, our approach involves the use of high-frequency photonic modulators, which convert mmWs onto and optical signal that can be more easily imaged. This requires the heterogeneous integration of organic, inorganic, RF photonic, metamaterials and optoelectronic devices. Component design and integration will be presented in the context of realizing integrated RF-Photonic modules that contain ultra-broad band antennas, low noise amplifiers, and photonic phase-only modulators. Fully integrated systems working at 35 and 94GHz are characterized and presented.

Dennis Prather began his professional career by joining the US Navy in 1982, where he still serves in the reserves as an Engineering Duty Officer (0-5). After active duty, he received the BSEE, MSEE, and PhD from the University of Maryland in 1989, 1993, and 1997, respectively. During this time he worked as a senior researcher engineer for the Army Research Laboratory, where he performed research on both optical devices and architectures for information processing. His efforts included work on the modeling, design, and fabrication of meso-scale optical elements and their integration with active opto-electronic devices, such as VCSELS, IR FPAs and semiconductor lasers. During this work he developed computational electromagnetic models for the analysis of aperiodic-subwavelength and nano-scale photonic devices. In 1997 he joined the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Delaware. Currently he is the College of Engineering Alumni Distinguished Professor and his research focuses on both the theoretical and experimental aspects of active and passive nano-photonic elements and their integration into various subsystems. To achieve this, his lab develops and refines coupled computational electromagnetic and quantum mechanical models as well as the associated nano-fabrication (with a specialty in electron beam lithography) and integration processes necessary for their demonstration. Specific devices and applications include: subwavelength structures, photonic crystal devices, high frequency optical modulators, meta-materials, and RF-Photonics. Professor Prather is currently an Endowed Professor of Electrical Engineering, he is a senior member of the IEEE, Fellow of the Society of Photo-Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) and a Fellow of the Optical Society of America (OSA). He received the Outstanding Junior Faculty in the College of Engineering in 2000, the William J. Kastner Award for Naval Engineering Excellence, in 2000, as well as the National Science Foundation CAREER Award, in 1999 and the Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Award, in 1999. He has authored or co-authored over 300 scientific papers, holds over 40 patents, and has written 10 books/book-chapters.

Plasmonic Sources
(Dr. James Long, Naval Research Laboratory)
The field of plasmonics manipulates surface plasmons, bundles of optical energy tightly confined to metal surfaces. The field has attracted considerable research effort in the last decade because of its potential to function far below the diffraction limit, and because of its promise for nanoscale chemical and biological sensors. However, as with all optical applications, it is key that useful sources be available, which are presently rare for surface plasmons. Here I will discuss two plasmonic sources developed at the Naval Research Lab. The first is a microchip that converts laser-diode emission into plasmon waves propagating on an integrated gold-film waveguide. The second is a spaser, an analog to the laser, in which surface plasmons are created directly and amplified via stimulated emission. These steps point to the compact and efficient sources that will be required to overcome the significant losses inherent in present plasmonic materials.

Photonics and Plasmonics for Energy
(Prof. Jeremy Munday, University of Maryland)
Two topics that have received significant, renewed interest over the past 5-10 years are plasmonics and alternative energy. The hope is that the emerging field of plasmonics can lend itself to the problem of finding new ways to improve the efficiencies of solar cells or lead to new energy harvesting techniques. In this talk, I will give a brief overview of the current status of the field and discuss future directions for making the most of light trapping in the context of solar energy conversion using both photonics and plasmonics.

Dr. Long received his PhD in physics at the University of Illinois. After a post doctoral fellowship at
Cornell University, he came to the Naval Research Lab to investigate laser-surface interactions with
synchrotron- and laser-radiation probes. His current research is directed toward fundamental and applied
aspects of nanophotonics, including plasmonic and nanowire devices and sensors.

Jeremy Munday is currently an assistant professor at the University of Maryland, College Park. He
received his BS in Physics and Astronomy from Middle Tennessee State University in 2003 and his PhD in
Physics from Harvard in 2008, under the supervision of Federico Capasso. He then worked at Caltech with
Harry Atwater on plasmonics and photovoltaic devices before coming to Maryland.

The 2011 Student Poster Competition is jointly organized by the UMD student chapter of the OSA/SPIE, the Washington DC/Northern Virginia chapter of the IEEE Photonics Society, the Baltimore Chapter of the IEEE Photonics Society, and the National Capital Section of the OSA.

The goal of the poster competition is to stimulate a greater dialogue among optics and photonics researchers in the Washington-Baltimore area. New or recently presented results are eligible. Food, refreshments, and a hosted wine/beer bar will be provided. All local graduate and undergraduate students in the region are encouraged to participate.

Awards will be given for the top three posters, with a $300 award for the winning poster. Posters will be evaluated by a panel of judges from local industry, government and academia.

For more information, including instructions for online submission:

https://www.studentorg.umd.edu/spie/poster.html

Submission deadline: April 8, 2011

The poster competition will also include a seminar by Prof. Joseph Shaw (Montana State University), entitled "What Color is the Night Sky?"

The seminar will begin at 3:00pm in the Pepco Room of the Kim Engineering Building (first floor, adjacent to the rotunda.)

Retinal Prostheses: Enabling the Blind to See (Dr. Ethan D. Cohen)

In the past 10 years, there has been considerable progress made in the development of functional retinal prostheses, and a few subjects are now reported to see crude letters. In this talk I will discuss the current retinal prothesis designs, and some of the biological and system problems.

High resolution Retinal Prosthesis (Dr. Lee Johnson)

A retinal prosthesis capable of allowing blind patients the possibility of reading and recognizing faces has long been the dream of many researchers. In this talk one novel approach to create a retinal prosthesis will be presented. The microfabricated chip at the center of the 3200 electrode research prosthesis is based on imaging array technology.  The chip design, advanced packaging methods and preliminary efficacy testing will be presented.  While not the final solution, this project demonstrates the methods required to reach the ultimate goal of sight for the blind.

A number of important breakthroughs in the past decade have focused attention on silicon as a photonic platform. Rapid advances in silicon photonics are being driven by a combination of a need for more complex, higher functionality and lower cost hybrid photonics integrated circuits (PICs). Low threshold (2 mA), high power (30 mW) ring and DFB lasers have been demonstrated on 150 mm wafers. 40 Gbit/s hybrid silicon electroabsorption and Mach Zehnder modulators have been demonstrated. Hybrid silicon optical amplifiers have been demonstrated, as well as superb SiGe PIN and APD photodetectors and hybrid silicon photodetectors. Modest levels of integration have been demonstrated, including an array of eight hybrid silicon optical amplifiers integrated with eight photodetectors. The challenge is to combine this technology with CMOS processing on a 300 mm wafer scale.

New applications of PICs become possible with the higher levels of integration and lower cost of CMOS processing. Lower power off-chip and on-chip interconnects can help solve the power and pin problems of advanced CMOS circuits, as summarized in the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). Higher capacity hybrid silicon optical switching become important in data centers and supercomputers. Miniature, low cost PIC sensors should find applications in a broad range of sensing applications. Rapidly tunable, multioctave millimeter wave generation using silicon PICs is interesting.

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This page was last modified on Thursday March 7, 2013 .